Many times, it is easier to understand a situation when the data is changed from words to pictures. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are software used to capture, store, manage, analyze and display geospatial data resources. GIS software can perform a wide array of functions, including use as an emergency management tool.
For example, combining natural disaster damage field reports with land tract and property assessment information can produce damage assessment reports showing property loss in less time and with greater accuracy than manually combining paper lists. This could result in reduced recovery time and cost, which improves the economic recovery.
Software is not the only answer, however. Even a paper map on the wall can be helpful. Laminate the map and use non-permanent markers to display the information. Another idea is to use clear overlays over the paper map for different information - a low tech way to simulate GIS software. Multiple maps can be used, but it is more difficult for the average brain to combine the multiple information into one visualization.
A final point is using a mapping standard. A key point of NIMS is all emergency responders speaking a common language. There are many types of ways to read locations on maps (street addresses, Public Land Survey System, State Plane Coordinate System, three types of latitude/longitude). Organizations should seriously consider following the recommendations to move to the US National Grid (USNG) as the mapping standard.
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